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Protein electrophoresis
Protein electrophoresis is a test that measures specific proteins in the blood. The test separates proteins in the blood based on their electrical charge. The protein electrophoresis test is often used to find abnormal substances called M proteins. The presence of M proteins can be a sign of a type of cancer called myeloma, or multiple myeloma. Myeloma affects white blood cells called plasma cells in the bone marrow. Protein electrophoresis also tests for other proteins and antibodies (immunoglobulins).
The protein electrophoresis test is also used to diagnose other conditions affecting the plasma cells. These include Waldenstr?m macroglobulinemia, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and primary amyloidosis.
Protein electrophoresis can also be used to help diagnose:
Thyroid problems
Diabetes
Anemia
Liver diseases
Poor nutrition or inability to absorb nutrients
Certain autoimmune diseases
Why do I need this test?
You may need this test if your healthcare provider believes that you have a condition affecting your plasma cells. These conditions may cause the following symptoms:Unexplained weight loss
Bone pain
Severe tiredness (fatigue)
Weakness
Nausea
Constipation
Abnormal thirst
Frequent urination
Frequent illness or fevers
Bones that fracture easily
Back pain
High levels of calcium in the blood
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Proteins Total
A total protein test measures the amount of protein in your blood.
Proteins are important for the health and growth of the body’s cells and tissues.
The test can help diagnose a number of health conditions, including:
kidney disease
liver disease
malnutrition ? a serious condition that occurs when a person’s diet doesn’t contain enough nutrients to meet their body’s needs
If your total protein level is low, you may have a liver or kidney problem, or it may be that protein isn’t being digested or absorbed properly.A high total protein level could indicate dehydration or a certain type of cancer, such as multiple myeloma, that causes protein to accumulate abnormally.
If the result of a total protein test is abnormal, further tests will be needed to identify which proteins are too high or too low. This will enable an accurate diagnosis to be made.
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Prothrombin time
The prothrombin time, sometimes referred to as PT or pro time test, is a test to evaluate blood clotting.
Prothrombin is a protein produced by your liver. It is one of many factors in your blood that help it to clot appropriately. Most often, the prothrombin time is monitored if you are taking the blood-thinning medication warfarin. In this situation, the prothrombin time is expressed as an international normalized ratio (INR).
Your doctor may recommend a prothrombin time test prior to surgery if there is any concern about your blood’s ability to clot.
The prothrombin time test may also be performed to evaluate you for liver disease. It is one of several tests used to screen people waiting for liver transplants. That screening ? known as the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) ? is a scoring system for assessing the severity of chronic liver disease.
If your doctor suspects you have other health issues, such as liver problems or a bleeding disorder, you might need additional testing to confirm your condition.
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PSA (for men)
The PSA test is a blood test used primarily to screen for prostate cancer.
The test measures the amount of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in your blood. PSA is a protein produced by both cancerous and noncancerous tissue in the prostate, a small gland that sits below the bladder in males.
PSA is mostly found in semen, which also is produced in the prostate. Small amounts of PSA ordinarily circulate in the blood.
₹486.00Add to cart -
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RA factor
A rheumatoid factor test is one of a group of blood tests primarily used to help pinpoint a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. These other tests may include:
Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA)
Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies
C-reactive protein (CRP)
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, or sed rate)
The amount of rheumatoid factor in your blood may also help your doctor choose the treatment approach that will work best for your situation.₹150.00Add to cart -
RA factor
A rheumatoid factor test is one of a group of blood tests primarily used to help pinpoint a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. These other tests may include:
Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA)
Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies
C-reactive protein (CRP)
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, or sed rate)
The amount of rheumatoid factor in your blood may also help your doctor choose the treatment approach that will work best for your situation.₹292.00Add to cart -
Renal (Kidney) Function Tests Basic,Mini Urine Rt, Creatinine, Uric Acid, Bun,
Kidney function tests measure how efficiently your kidneys are working. Most of these tests check how well your kidneys clear waste from your system. A kidney test may involve a blood test, 24-hour urine sample or both. You usually have your test results the same day or within a few days
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Renal (Kidney) Function Tests,Mini Urine Rt, Creatinine, Uric Acid, Bun, Proteins, Electrolytes
The kidneys play a vital role in the excretion of waste products and toxins such as urea, creatinine and uric acid, regulation of extracellular fluid volume, serum osmolality and electrolyte concentrations, as well as the production of hormones like erythropoietin and 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D and renin. The functional unit of the kidney is the nephron, which consists of the glomerulus, proximal and distal tubules, and collecting duct. Assessment of renal function is important in the management of patients with kidney disease or pathologies affecting renal function. Tests of renal function have utility in identifying the presence of renal disease, monitoring the response of kidneys to treatment, and determining the progression of renal disease. According to the National Institutes of Health, the overall prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is approximately 14%. Worldwide, the most common causes of CKD are hypertension and diabetes
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Retic count
A reticulocyte count measures the number of immature red blood cells (reticulocytes) in your bone marrow. Doctors measure reticulocytes to find out if your bone marrow is producing enough red blood cells. This test is one of many ways to diagnose and monitor conditions that affect your red blood cells.
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RH Antibody Titre
A test to determine whether a woman has Rh-positive or Rh-negative blood (Rh antibody titer) is done early in pregnancy. The Rhesus factor is important during pregnancy and causes problems when an Rh?negative person’s blood comes in contact with Rh?positive blood.
In such cases the Rh Antibody Titre test may be used. It is done to protect against Rh sensitization. Rh antibody titer test determines the type and quantity of antibodies in the blood. Rh antibodies are likely to rise during pregnancy. Depending on the level of other antibodies these antibodies could cause hemolytic problems in the baby and need to be monitored.
It is usually repeated several times during pregnancy (at 32, 36, & 38 weeks). A low titer (less than 1:16) may not pose any problem for the baby. In any test higher than 1:64, an intrauterine exchange transfusion may be suggested.
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Rubella IgG
IgG rubella test indicated when a woman is pregnant or is planning to become pregnant. It?helps to check whether immunity against rubella is required.
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Rubella IgM
Rubella virus causes mild infection which is characterized by fever and rash that lasts for about 3 days. This test detects measures the amount of antibodies and detects their presence, mainly IgM, produced by the immune system against the virus in response to infection or immunization.
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SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RNA QUALITATIVE
The 2 major testing methods currently used for SARS-CoV-2 in the U.S. include molecular (PCR) testing (used to detect viral RNA during active infections) and antibody testing (used to detect host antibodies developed against prior infections). Antigen testing, which tests for the presence of viral proteins, rather than viral RNA or host antibodies, offers a third option.
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SGOT (AST)
What is an SGOT test?
The SGOT test is a blood test that?s part of a liver profile. It measures one of two liver enzymes, called serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase. This enzyme is now usually called AST, which stands for aspartate aminotransferase. An SGOT test (or AST test) evaluates how much of the liver enzyme is in the blood. The SGOT test is a simple blood test. It can technically be done without any special preparation. Still, there are a couple steps you can take to make the process easier.
Avoid taking any over-the-counter (OTC) medications, including acetaminophen (Tylenol), in the two days before your test. If you do take them, remember to tell your doctor. You should tell your doctor about all the medications you?re taking before they administer the test so that they can account for them when reading the results.
Drink plenty of water the night before your test, too. Staying hydrated will make it easier for your technician to draw your blood. Make sure you wear something that allows your forearm ? preferably up to the elbow ? to be easily accessible for the technician to draw blood from
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SGPT (ALT)
An ALT test measures the level of alanine aminotransferase, also called ALT or SGPT. ALT is one of the enzymes that help the liver convert food into energy. High levels of these enzymes can be a sign that the liver is injured or irritated, and the enzymes are leaking out of the liver cells.
Why Are ALT Tests Done?
An ALT test may be done if a child has signs of a possible problem with the liver, such as jaundice (yellowish skin or eyes), dark urine, nausea, vomiting, or belly pain. It also might be done if a child is on medicine that makes high liver enzyme levels more likely.How Should We Prepare for an ALT Test?
Your child may be asked to stop eating and drinking for 8 to 12 hours before the ALT test. Tell your doctor about any medicines your child takes because some drugs might affect the test results.Wearing a T-shirt or short-sleeved shirt for the test can make things easier for your child, and you also can bring along a toy or book as a distraction.
How Is an ALT Test Done?
Most blood tests take a small amount of blood from a vein. To do that, a health professional will:clean the skin
put an elastic band (tourniquet) above the area to get the veins to swell with blood
insert a needle into a vein (usually in the arm inside of the elbow or on the back of the hand)
pull the blood sample into a vial or syringe
take off the elastic band and remove the needle from the vein
In babies, blood draws are sometimes done as a “heel stick collection.” After cleaning the area, the health professional will prick your baby’s heel with a tiny needle (or lancet) to collect a small sample of blood.Collecting a sample of blood is only temporarily uncomfortable and can feel like a quick pinprick.
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